炭疽病 Anthracnose
| 中文 | English |
|---|---|
| 基本信息 | Basic Information |
| 中文名：炭疽病 英文名：Anthracnose 病原：Colletotrichum spp. 类型：真菌病害 | Chinese name: 炭疽病 English name: Anthracnose Pathogen: Colletotrichum spp. Type: Fungal disease |
| 主要症状 | Main Symptoms |
| 危害部位主要是果实，也可侵染叶片和茎。果实上出现圆形或椭圆形水渍状病斑，逐渐扩大并凹陷，后期病斑上可见黑色小点（分生孢子盘）。严重时导致果实腐烂，影响产量和商品性。 | Mainly affects fruits, but can also infect leaves and stems. On fruits, round or oval water-soaked spots appear, which expand and become sunken. In later stages, black dots (acervuli) appear on lesions. Severe infection causes fruit rot, reducing yield and marketability. |
| 发生规律 | Epidemiology |
| 病菌以菌丝体或分生孢子在种子、病残体上越冬。温暖高湿环境利于发病，适宜温度为25–30℃，雨水、灌溉及昆虫传播可扩散病害。 | The pathogen overwinters as mycelium or conidia in seeds and crop residues. Warm and humid conditions favor disease development, with optimum temperature 25–30°C. Spread occurs through rain splash, irrigation, and insects. |